Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller the. Pdf microcontroller based bidirectional dc motor control. This paper is designed to develop a four quadrant speed control system for a dc motor using microcontroller. The output voltage of the sensor is fed to the ad channel of the microcontroller. Conclusion with this very basic concept of direction and speed control we can move the motor clockwise and anticlockwise as a result lift can move in forward and backward direction and we can vary the speed of a dc motor. Programming the pic16f877a microcontroller for speed. The actual motor speed is calculated by tracking the time. When speed of the vehicle nears the speed limit it displays the warning and if exceeds the limit, the microcontroller records the violated speed and. The hardware circuits that have been designed for the controlled fan speed system in this, research which consists of the lm35, pic microcontroller, bldc motor and lcd as shown in, which also include the fig. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage by using the developed microcontrollers program. Development of a microcontroller based dc motor speed.
Development of a microcontroller based dc motor speed control. Dc motor speed control using pic microcontroller pwm method. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering gokaraju rangaraju. Oct 29, 2018 we can achieve speed control of dc motor using mechanical or electrical techniques but they require large size hardware to implement but a microcontroller based system provides an easy way to control the speed of dc motor. For example, it has applications in electric cars, trucks, and aircraft. In this paper, a brushless dc motor with distributed winding and a special form of pmrotor with special stator periphery are described. If you have worked with any variant of the 8051 microcontroller, you might remember that 8051 doesnt have a dedicated pwm circuitry to enable pwm mode. The response of the controller to load variations is looked at. Temperature based fan speed control and monitoring using. Next, there is created measuring stand consisting of bipolar stepper motor. Circuit of microcontroller based dc motor speed controller d c motor speed controllers are very useful for control ling the motion of robotic and industrial automation systems. Temperature based speed control of fan using microcontroller 10. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation. Rohit naik 07241a0247 in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and.
The proposed hardware system is implemented by at89s52 microcontroller. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm. If the speed goes beyond first limit then alarm is generated to notify the driver and after that if the speed. Which develop a speed control system for a bldc motor by closed loop control technique. Closed loop control for a brushless dc motor to run at the exactly entered speed is a system that controls the bldc brushless dc motor speed according to the user defined speed. What are the best ways to control the speed of dc motor. Embedded system of dc motor closed loop speed control based. Armature voltage is varied by pulse width modulation pwm of input dc voltage. Circuit of microcontrollerbased dc motor speed controller d c motor speed controllers are very useful for controlling the motion of robotic and industrial automation systems. Mar 04, 2018 also read the related post pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. Speed control of dc motor using pic microcontroller. Microcontrollerbased dc motor speed controller kumar fig. The research focus on unifying the global positioning system with embedded wireless system is the new approaches in intelligent vehicle control for critical remote location application using arm.
Dc motor speed control system the speed control of a motor is frequently required in industrial applications, robotics, home. Earlier, we have already seen how to control the speed of dc motor using pwm without microcontroller. This lowcost singlephase power board is dedicated to universal brushed motors. Arockia edwin xavier 1,2electrical and electronic engineering, thiagarajar college of engineering, madurai tamil nadu email. Speed control of a dc motor using microcontroller 8051 a project report submitted by s. This system can be used effectively in the industrial applications to control the speed of the 3 phase induction motor. This project is mainly concerned on design and implementation of bidirectional dc motor speed and position control system by using microcontroller atmega32 and lab view software. It is a closedloop real time control system, where optical encoder built in this project is coupled to the motor shaft to provide the feedback speed signal to controller. Embedded based vehicle speed control system using wireless. Microcontroller based control of three phase induction motor. Stepper motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller. Speed control of brushless dc motor using microcontroller. For stepper motor control it has to be used hbridge as well as amplifier in one module. The components and assembly of this microcontroller circuit are highlighted in this paper, and the constructed circuit tested.
This is a method to control the output voltage with the of constant frequency switching and by adjusting on duration of switching and in other words by changing duty cycle of switching. The controller presented here uses the pulsewidth modulation pwm technique. Products available are 8, 16 and 32bit mcus and dscs, analog and interface products, 3phase bldc drivers and development tools. The main idea is to implement the most important subsystems for motor control on a single board. By using pwm we can easily control the average power delivered to a load and by thus we can easily control the speed of the dc motor. Speed control ofdc motorusingmicrocontroller oral presentation on prepared by 1.
The speed control of the dc motor is achieved using standard pwm techniques in a sensorless closed loop feedback control fashion. Microcontroller based closed loop speed and position control. Microcontroller based solar power ac motor speed control system doi. Microcontroller based speed control of a dc motor using. The uln2003 ic and the l293d motor driver are used to drive the stepper motor as the controller cannot provide current required by. Microcontrollers are the core components of an electronics project. It is a closedloop real time control system, where optical encoder is coupled to the motor shaft to provide the feedback speed signal and angular position of shaft to the microcontroller.
The best method for speed control of dc motor is the use of pulse width modulation technique. One such technique is pulse current system is identified. These innovative project topics are built on proposed industry as well as domestic. It is a closedloop control system in which a 40 pin 8 bit cmos flashmic microcontroller chip pic16f877a shown in fig. This project control the axial rotation in xy plane and to control the rotation of the motor in either xz or yz plane similar circuit can be added.
The second microcontroller is used to control the lcd display. This paper reports a microcontroller based control system to change the speed and direction of rotation of dc motor. Pdf microcontroller based dc motor speed control using. Speed control of three phase squirrel cage induction motor. Resolverbased motor control reference design with a bldc. In other words, this system runs the motor at 25%,50% or 75% of the total speed when user set this percentage of. The microcontroller receives the percentage of duty cycles from the keypad and delivers the desired output to switch the motor driver so as to control the speed of the bldc motor. May 19, 2017 i already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller.
Automatic fan speed control system using microcontroller. Pulse width modulation pwm technique is used which is generated using microcontroller atmega32 the pwm signal generated will drive the motor driver circuit. Four quadrant speed control of dc motor with the help of. In conventional system they are designed to control the speed of vehicles in all days. Microcontroller based speed control system consist of electronic component, microcontroller and the lcd. Pdf on jun 1, 2012, akhilendra yadav and others published microcontroller based openloop speed control system for dc motor find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Speed control of three phase squirrel cage induction motor using vf method is implemented. This project control the axial rotation in xy plane and to control the rotation of the. The disadvantages are high initial cost, and more complicated motor speed controllers wu et al. Dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller using l293d. Programming the pic16f877a microcontroller for speed control. There are many applications of dc motors, where we need a variable speed of dc motor. Microcontroller based closed loop speed and position.
This is the basic concept behind the speed and direction control of a dc motor. The micro controller based speed controlling system can be used in various industries such as chemical, textile and cement to operate the motor according to the desired speed. Direct current dc motor has become an important drive configuration for many applications across a wide range of powers and speeds, due to its easy control and excellent performance. Closed loop control for a brushless dc motor using pic.
A pid controller is a closedloop control implementation that is widely used and is most commonly used as a feedback controller. Microcontroller based dc motor speed control using pwm technique. Instructions to the microcontroller are fed through cell phone connection to the system. Nevonprojects provides the widest list of microcontroller based projects for engineers, students and researchers. The speed control using pi and pid control modes is explained and an implementation of the controller using opamps is given. Since the l293d motor driver has option for four output pins, only a bipolar stepper motor can be driven. This tutorial is about dc motor speed control with a pic microcontroller using the pwm method. The hardware circuits that have been designed for the controlled fan speed system in this, research which consists of the lm35, pic microcontroller, bldc motor and lcd as. Microcontrollers can provide easy control of dc motor. Speed control of a machine is the most vital and important part in any industrial organization. The output of the of trim pot is also given to the second mcrocontroller and it will show the speed according to the calibration, in the lcd display.
Now, its time to build stepper motor control system. The main advantage in using a dc motor is that the speedtorque relationship can be varied to almost any useful form. The paper deals with stepper motor control using microcontroller atmega816pu. Resolverbased motor control reference design with a bldc motor and c2000 mcu 2 system overview the tida01507 is a complete test setup which allows debugging and exploring motor control without a need for expensive equipment. Microcontroller based 4 quadrant dc motor speed control. In this tutorial we will see how to control the speed of a dc motor using pulse width modulation pwm. Aug 06, 2014 doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Microcontroller based speed control of induction motor using. The speed control of the bldc motor is archived by varying the duty cycles pwm pulses from the microcontroller according to the program. To achieve the speed control dac is used which generates voltages gradually according to. Chaudhari bharati vidyapeeth abstractthe speed of the induction motor can be controlled by various methods. Microcontroller based speed control of induction motor.
To control dc motor speed with pic microcontroller, we should know about these two features. In our robotics applications we may have to control the speed of the dc motor. This system describes the design and implementation of the at89c51 microcontroller based closed loop dc motor speed control system that controls the speed of a dc motor through optically coupled half controlled scr bridge rectifier used as a motor driver circuit. Microcontroller based vehicle speed control system information technology essay. Microcontrollerbased solar power ac motor speed control system doi. Based on the sensed temperature the speed of the motor is controlled using pwm. This paper is mainly concerned on dc motor speed control system by using microcontroller pic 16f72. Dc motor speed control using pwm with pic microcontroller. Microcontrollerbased solar power ac motor speed control. The design requirement of the dc motor system is set to design the controller. The developed hardware system is tested in power electronics laboratory. We can modulate the power of the ac line to vary the speed of the induction motor through ac driver circuitry. Practical applications in which speed and direction of dc motor can be controlled by interfacing with 8051 microcontroller are discussed below.
We can achieve speed control of dc motor using mechanical or electrical techniques but they require large size hardware to implement but a microcontroller based system provides an easy way to control the speed of dc motor. Chapter 4 shows and discusses the result of the speed control dc motor system using pid controller. An atmega family microcontroller is used to give pwm power to an optocoupler which drives the triac giving supply to the induction motor. Pulse width modulation pwm technique is used where. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller circuit principle the heart of this project is the 8051 microcontroller. A dc brushless motor uses a permanent magnet external rotor, three phase of driving coils, one or more hall effect devices are used to sense the position of rotor, and the associated drive electronics. Pwm based dc motor speed control using microcontroller. Bose school of engineering supreme knowledge foundation group of institutions mankundu,hooghly 2. Microchip provides motor control and drive solutions for brushless dc bldc, brushed dc, steppers, ac induction and more. Several temperature ranges was set in the code to vary the motor speed based on the level of temperature sensed. The block diagram of the dc motor control system in this work is shown in fig. Simple analogue bidirectional dc motor speed control. In the paper are mentioned two ways of control, namely fullstep mode and halfstep mode control. Microcontroller based speed control of induction motor using power line communication technology system is done and the developed hardware is tested with variable load.
The pwm wave for speed control is generated using atmel at89c52 microcontroller. Doc speed control of a dc motor using micro controller 8051 1. Embedded based vehicle speed control system using wireless technology. Abstractthe goal of developing the system is to control the speed of vehicles and to avoid accidents. I already posted about interfacing dc motor with pic microcontroller. Microcontroller based dc motor speed controller kumar fig. We apply this technique in conventional dc motor speed control based on our project so as to control the speed of the dc microcontroller is analyzed. The stator frequency control is one of simplest methods to control the speed of the induction motor. They consist of the command control program needed to run the project. This work reports the development of a microcontroller based control system to change the speed of a dc motor. Block diagram ad hnicue microcontroller, induction motor, i miss.
A bldc motor is composed of the motor, controller and position sensor. The project stepper motor control illustrates the use of microcontroller and switching circuit to control the speed of stepper motor. When ksp2222a is on, the motor starts to gain speed and off then motor looses speed. Microcontroller based vehicle speed control system. An experimental system for the speed and direction control of brushed dc motor using a microcontroller has been developed successfully. The proposed system uses a microcontroller of the 8051 family and a rectifiedpower supply. The first circuit in this project is implemented using an l293d motor driver ic. Pulse width modulation pwm technique was used to control the amount of power delivered to the load the dc motor without dissipating any wasted power. The objective of developing this project is to control the speed of dc motor.
Dc motor speed control using 8051 microcontroller youtube. Among the many methods used in the control of the speed of a dc motor the microcontroller based method was adapted in a closedloop real time control system approach making use of the pic16f877a with a program in flow code developed to implement a feasible control system. Microcontrollerbased solar power ac motor speed control system. Pdf microcontroller based pwm inverter for speed control. Stepper motor control using 8051 microcontroller principle the main principle of these circuits is to rotate the stepper motor step wise at a particular step angle. By using pwm we can easily control the average power.
The coils are activated, one phase after the other, by the drive. The pid controller used to control the speed and position of dc motor system is also explained in this chapter. Microcontroller based pwm inverter for speed control of a three phase induction motor article pdf available in international journal of engineering and technology 52. Closed loop speed control of dc drive using atmega8l. The practical application of l293d ic is l293d acts as an interfacing device dc motor interfacing with 8051 microcontroller by which we can control the speed and direction of the motor. Stepper motor control using microcontroller at89c51. In other words, this system runs the motor at 25%,50% or 75% of the total speed when user set this percentage of speed from digital keypad. Dc motor speed control using 8051 microcontroller mahesh madivali. In this project, implementation of the atmega16 microcontroller for speed control of dc motor fed by a l293d driver circuit has been investigated. Embedded system of dc motor closed loop speed control.
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